This research is a reflection on the new challenges in former European communist countries in three areas of gender equality.The analysis employs the gender disparity index (GDI), which encompasses life expectancy, education, and income indices, each equally weighted by gender.The former communist states are categorized into two clusters: the first
The combination of radio-frequency (RF) communication and underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) plays a vital role in the underwater Internet of Things (UIoT).This correspondence proposes a dual-hop hybrid satellite underwater system that exploits non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) as a spectrum-efficient access technique.The RF link
Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising tools in biomedical applications, owing to their inherent physicochemical properties and their ease of functionalization.In all potential applications, the surface functionalization strategy is a key step here to ensure that NPs are able to overcome the barriers encountered in physiological me
BackgroundPre-eclampsia (PE) is a common disorder of pregnancy that usually presents with hypertension and proteinuria.The clinical presentation arises from soluble factors released into the maternal circulation from the here placenta owing to the stress of syncytiotrophoblast, consequence of defective placentation occurring in the first half of pr